Semiautomatic turret lathe



NOW-24, 1953 C, H, JOHNSON 2,659,960

SEMIAUTOMATICTURRET LATHE Hh". LD 'III n CharZeSHJoZmson A INVENTOR.

BY eff/4&1 l

ATTORNEY 5 N99. 24, `1953 c. H. JoHNsoN 2,659,960

f SEMIAUTOMATIC TURRET LATHE l5 Sheets-Sheet 2 www ma "Hlm 'A "Ill/Hf.

Fild May 27, 1948 6 i7 *L s Charles H. Johnson INVENToR ATTORNEYS.

Nov. 24, 1953 l c. H. JOHNSON y .SEMIAUTOMATIC TURRET LATHE 15 Sheets-sheet 3 Filed May 27, 1948 vCharles HJoIz'nsb'rz Ezri.

INVENTOR v B-Y ZM da@ f ATTORNEYS.

Nov. 24, 1953 c. H. .JOHNSON SEMIAUTOMATIC TURRET LATHE 15 Sheets-Sheet 4 `Filed May 27, 194s Nov. 24, 1953 c. H. JOHNSON 2,659,960

` SEMIAUTOMATIC TURRET LATHE Filed May 27, 194e 15 sheets-sheet 5 Chaz'IesI-Uohnsozz INVENTOR @Mx l ATTORNEYS .DE v NS Nov. 24, 1953 c. H. JoHNsoN SEMIAUTOMATIC TURRET LATHE 15 Sheets-Sheet '7 Filed May 27, 1948 charzes'f-f. Johnson INVENToR `ATTORNEYS.

Nov. 24, 1953 c. H. JoHNsoN 2,659,960

SMIAUTOMATIC TURRETV LATHE Filed May 27, 1948 l5 Sheets-Sheet 8 lNyl-:NTOR

ATTORNEYS.

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15 Sheets-Sheet lO ATTORNEYS.

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` Filed May 27,-1948 Nov. 24, 1953 c. H. JoHNsoN 659350 v SEMIAUTOMATIC TURRET LATHE y Filed May 27, .1948 l5 Sheets-Sheet ll Ch arles Johnson `1NVENTO1L j AATTORNEYS 1 Nov. 24, 1953 C. H. .JOHNSON SEMIAUTOMATIC TURRET LATHE Filed May 27, 1948 l5 Sheets-Sheet l2 INVENIOR.

ATTOMEYS` Charles H.Johns0n NOW 24, 1953 c. H. JOHNSON SEMIAUTOMATIC TURRET LATHE Filed My 27, 194e l5 Sheets-Sheet 13 BY M MM Nov. 24, 1953 c. H. JoHNsoN Y SEMIAUTOMATIC TURRET LATHE 15 Sheets-Sheet 14 l Filed May 27, 1948` C hcra'le' H. Johnson INVENTOR y A BY C. H. JOHNSON SEMIAUTOMATIC TURRET LATHE Nov. 24, `1953 l5 Sheets-Sheet l5 Filed May 27, 1948 CharlesI-Uohmon 'i mvEN-roR.

BY fj/LM sax/wt ATTORNEYS.

Patented Nov. 24, 1953 UNITED sTATEs PATENT `orrlcr:

l SEMIAUTOMATIC TURRET LAIHE Charles H. Johnson, Madison., ,a'ssig'norto l Gisholt Machine Company, Madison, Wis.;l a corporation of Wisconsinwy j n Application May 27',1948,'seria1-Ndaa5s e f This invention relates to a` semi-automatic turret lathe.

The invention has been applied to the construction -and operation of the turret carriage and turret indexing mechanism of a lathe, and it is similarly applicable to the construction and operation of the tool carriage and indexing mechanism. It is applicable to both xed center and cross sliding turret carriages.

One of the principal objects of the invention is to provide for faster operation of the'generally large manually controlled type of turret turret or tool power indexing, locking-and clampf ing, under the manual control of the operator at all times.

Another object is to provide improved stop construction for manually controlled Vturret lathes. f

Another object is to provide selectively either automatic power turret indexing, or manually controlled and reversible power turret indexing or manual turret indexing.

e Another object' is to provide for pre-selection of the feed rate for each face of the turret which eliminates resetting of the feedrate by the oper. ator for each face, if the operator so desires, and at the same time provide forA disconnecting the pre-selection where the operator desires` to select the rate manually.

Another object is to eliminate step `by step feed rate change and provide for accurate selection of the exact feed rate without interruption by passing through intermediate rate mechamsm.

Another object is to combine under a single manual lever control both forward feed, semitraverse and high speed traverse and back feed, semi-traverse and high speed traverse.`

Another Objectis to -simplify-andmake more positive the interlock betweendifferent lathe operationsto prevent interference therebetween.

Another' ob'j ect is to providean automatic clamp for the carriage .whenever the feed is. VSli0pped or lz2 claims. (cl. L29-42) the feed lever is in neutral, thereby. relieving the' operator from actuating a manual'clamp ,Another object is. to reduce .the number ofl levers to be actuated and the numberof operations to bemanually. started or shifted by the'. operator so that there is lessoperator fatigue and a slow operator can produce nearly as much as a fast.

operator. l

Other objects and advantages appear hereinafter. 1

VAn embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a front 4sidel elevation of a turret lathe having the invention incorporated in the :rturret carriage and apron;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged front `elevation of th turret apron;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged top plan view of the turret saddle and carriage;

Fig. 4 is a transverse vertical section taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 2 through the manual feed rate selectorand control lever;

- Fig. -5is a similar section taken online 5?-5 of Fig. 2 through the manual contro' `for power indexing of; the turret;A i A Fig. 6 is `va similar section Ataken on line 646 of Fig. 2 through the cross slide feed screw and its control mechanism;. y Fig. 'Tis a similar section takenon line 'l-'l if. of Fig. 2 showing the control for powerjcross feed;4

y Fig.A 8 is a similarsectiontaken-on line 8--8 of Fig. 2 throughthe'high'yspeed forwardv and back.traverseclutch;

Fig. 9 is a similar'section taken on line'Q-A--d4 of Fig. 2 through the-booster pump andcarriage Clamp; -v Fig. 10 is a longitudinal vertical section` taken on line IIJ- 40 of Fig. 3 -just behind the front apron cover; v f Fig. 151 is a vlsimilar section Ataken on line l l-| I of Fig.- 3 through the position ofthe motor axis and distributor;

Fig. 12 is a similar section taken on line l2. 'l2 of Fig. 3 -throughthe axis of the variable speed pump; v l Fig. 13 is a similar section taken on line |3-I3 of Fig. 3 through the axis of the .traverse shaft showing the rapid traverse clutch; Fig. 1 4 is a transverse horizontalsection taken on line Ill-.lli of Fig. 2 through the apron and turret saddle with parts broken away tol show the turret indexing mechanism;

Fig. 1f'5 isa verticalaxialY sectionthrough .the

turret taken on line IS-lt of Fig. y

Fig. 16 is a detail horizontal section showing a part of the indexing mechanism;

Fig. 17 is a detail section showing the mechanism of Fig. 16;

Fig. 18 is a horizontal section taken on line |8-I8 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 19. is a. diagrammatic view showing the various controls; and

Fig. 20 is a corresponding diagrammatic view showing the hydraulic circuits.

The lathe of the present invention is usually of the larger type which is not susceptible of full automatic control and which is ordinarily classed as a manually operated. lathe.. While attempts have been made to provide mechanical power operation of the various functions there has been little relief for the cirelsiatorf` from' the. necessity to operate numerous levers inY a given4 sequence and from constant attention to the lathe.

The presentmvention incorporates in a manu.- ally controlled' turret lathe means toperform the several; functions bypower'operation andto make certain of the functions automatic in sequence, thereby" relieving t'he operator; It also provides for'` selective manual or' automatic control of the major functions. l

The lathe comprises, in general, a bed I having a headstock' 2l secured thereon aty one end and a turret 3 at the other end.

A rotary spindle 4 isl disposedrin the headstock 2 and drivenat selected 'speeds by suitable clutch and gear shift methamsrfiin the headstoek, which in turn isv driven by the belt 5 from motor 6.

y VThe turret 3' is mounted' von the carriage' 1 vand disposed for indexing rotation on a vertical spindle 8 extending upwardly from cross slide 9.

A carriage top I (i supports the cross slide 9 on suitable transverse ways I'II and in turn moves longitudinally of bed I on a pair `off longitudinal ways I2. A

The front apron I3 for carriage'r'extends downv vardlyl from the carriagetop ITU and rides along the front way' I4'.

A feed shaft I5 extends longitudinally ofi the bed I and passes through the apron |`3. The feed shaft |5 is driven from spindle: '4' by suitable gearing in the headstoclt '2 and the feed shaft speed istherefore directly proportional tol the spindle speed'.

A high speed traverse shaft IG extends longitudinally of the bed I b'elowshaft' I5 and4 passes through the apron |3=. The traverse shaft I8 is driven by a separate motor '|15 'at a 'constant speed.

A rack |8 is' disposed below the upper front way I2 and is engaged by a feed gear I9 extending rearwardly from apron-|13-to effect feeding and semi-traversent the carriage 1 along the bed I.

The feed of carriage 1 is preferably effected hydraulically instead of by means of the usual gear trains from feed shaft' I5. For this purpose a pump and motor unit 2D is provided that has a substantially constant torque output over a large range of speeds including particularly very low speeds.

The pump 2 I" of the' unit 20 is carried by apron I3 and drivenjdirectly from feed shaft I5 by the spur gears '22, andis preferably of the same type andl construction as that illustrated in the copending application of L. Godfriaux, Serial No. 554,884, filed September 20, 1944, and Iassigned to the same assignee as the 'present invention, now abandoned.

The motor 2'3 of 'che unit is carried by apron lf3 and driven directly by the oil delivered from pump 2|, and is preferably of the same type and construction as that illustrated in the copending application of L. E. Godfriaux, Serial No. 554,883, filed September 20, 1944, now Patent No. 2,471,484, granted May 31, 1949, and assigned to the same assignee las the present invention.

Both thepurnp'Z'I and motor 23 are small in size and space requirements for the power necessary tu feed the carriage 1 under all working conditions. The pump has an infinitely variable output' volume Within the range of speeds required and the motor has a substantially constant torque outputfthroughout the range of speeds effected by the.. oil. discharged from the pump when fed thereto.

The: pumpl isl illustrated in Figs. 6 and 12 andcomprises, in general, three cylinders 24, each lilavi'ngv a long skirted short stroke hollow piston 25 therein. The pistons 25 are driven by corresponding rotating rings 25 mounted eccentrically upon t'he pump shaft 21 driven by gears' 22 from feed shaft I5. The eccentricity of rings '25 can be varied at will to correspondingly vary the stroke of' pistons 25 and the output of the pump 2|.

Each ring 26 is adjusted and controlled in its eccentricity by a pair of pins 28 disposed diametrically opposite. each other in holes in the shaft' and which in turn are supported internally on a longitudinally movable member 29 having a longitudinal cam groove 35' of tapered depth for receiving each pin, the inclined bottoms of the grooves 30 constituting cams for moving the pins 28 in unison in either direction diametrically of the shaft. The cam members 2S arev mounted for reciprocation on and with a central control rod 3| which is made up of separate sections and which extends. out through one end of the shalt 21 to provide a control. button 3'2 for controlling the output of theV pump;

Thecontrol. rod 3.-I is. made up of a plurality of separate sections, the first section extending through; the. end. of shaft 21 to engage the next succeeding; section,l andA each succeeding section corresponding' to the' respective cylinders and to cam members 29.

The sections of rod 3| are disposed end to end and are moved inwardly against a strong spring 33 in the opposite end of shaft 21. The cam members 29 are biased to an inward position on rod 3| by means of individual coil springs 34 encirclingv rod 3| and extending in a hollow cup shaped end of each corresponding member 29 withA the inner end of each spring engaging the plug and the outer end of each spring engaging a flange head 35 on the corresponding next outermostsection of the rod.

Inward movement of rod 3| by pressure on button -32 increases the eccentricity of rings 26 and the volume of output of the pump, and outward movement of rod. 3|. by release of pressure on button 32- reduces the volume output of the pump. By dividing. rod 3I into sections the outward movement of therst section does not require an immediate outward movement of the other sections, and a time lag is provided which enables each-section to adjust litself when free to do so relative to the operative position of the correspending cylinder piston 25.

Movement of rod 3`I in or out is effected by lever 36 on'a pivotal shaft 31. The shaft 31 is operated manually by a rotary knob 38 on the front of the apron through a pinion 39 on the inner end of the knob 'shaft 40 and which meshes with a gear accaoeo segment 4| on the shaft 31 for lever 3B. The shaft 31 rotates by means of trunnions 42 held by parts of the apron.

A dial 43 encircling the edge of knob 38 indicates the feed rate set manually by the knob by means of pointer 44.

The pump 2| delivers pressure fluid, preferably oil, through the pump cylinder outlets 45 which have ball check valves 46 therein and through distributor passages 41 to motor 23.

The motor 23 is illustrated in Figs. 6 and 1l and" a given flow of iluid to the cylinders 48 through` distributor passages 41 from the pump 2|.

s The motor shaft 52 has aworm gear 53 at one end which drives a corresponding gear 54 floating on the feed shaft 55. The gear 54l has a clutch member 55 at one end adapted to be engaged by a sliding clutch member 51 which is keyed on shaft 55, to thereby effect rotation of shaft 55 with gear 54 when it is desired to power feed the carriage l. Shaft 55 carries feed gear I9 meshing with rack I8.

The clutch 56--51 is operated by means of a rod 58 extending axially into the front endv of shaft 55. A transverse pin 59 extends through the inner end of operating rod 58, through slots 60 in the hollow of shaft 55 and into the clutch member 51 to move the latter longitudinally on shaft 55 when rod 58 is moved longitudinally of the shaft. Movement of rod 58 is effected by a piston 6! secured to the outer end of the rod by means of a thrust bearing 52 and operated in cylinder 63 by fluid pressure adapted to move the piston in a direction effecting clutching of mem'- bers 5G and 5l. A plurality of springs 64 are disposed between clutch member 51 and a washer 65 keyed to shaft 55 to rotate therewith and bearing against clutch member 56, to effect sepa-J ration of the clutch members 56 and5l when iluid pressure is exhausted from cylinder 63.

VShaft 55 is enlarged at `its inner end to. provide the spur gear I9 which meshes withrack I8 to effect movement of carriage 'I upon rotation ofY shaft 55 in either direction.

Shaft 55 additionally effects traverse of car'- riage 'i in both directions byl means of a' hydraulically controlled reversing lclutch 56 operatively connecting and disconnecting shaft 55 with the longitudinal traverse shaft I 6.

Clutch 55 comprises a sleeve (il splined to the traverse shaft I5 to rotate' therewith, 'and which sleeve is mounted in suitable bearings in apron I3. A central clutch member 98 is keyed tothe sleeve 67 and is disposed for limitedaxial movement thereon in either direction. A` pair of floating beveled gears 69 are mounted for free rotation on sleeve 61, one gear being disposedat each end of member 68. A plurality of clutch discs" 'l0 are disposed between member 68 and therespective gears 69 with alternate discsconnectedto rotate with member 58 and the'remainder of the discs connected t0 rotate with the corresporidingv gears 69,. The gears 69 m'eshwith correspondingopposite sides of a single beveled gear'1l "disposed 6 therebetween to effect driving of a vertical shaft l2 extending upwardly to shaft 55.

The shaft 12 has a spiral gear 13 at its upper end meshing with a gear 14 on shaft 55.

The traverse clutch 56 is operated by means of a bifurcated yoke 15 having its upwardly extending arms pivoted on a transverse pivot 16 above the clutch and its lower central arm extending downwardly between two opposite pistons 11 for operating the same. The upwardly extending arms of yoke 15 extend on opposite sides of clutch member 68 and each has a roller 18 riding between flange surfaces 'I9 of the member 68 to effectaxial movement of clutch member 58 in response to pivotal movement of the yoke 15 by pistons 11.y

The pistons 11 are disposed in opposite cylinders extending parallel to the sleeve El and to Which'uid pressure is admitted alternately for effecting the desired clutching movements. Movement of yoke l5 in one direction effects gripping of clutch discs I9 at the end toward which the member moves and causes 'the corresponding gear 59 to drive gear 1| and shaft 12 for traversing the carriage 1 in one direction. Movement of yoke 15 in the opposite direction effects gripping of clutch discs 19 at the other end, toward which the clutch member 68 moves and causes the other corresponding gear 59 to drive gear 1| and shaft 12 in the opposite direction for traversing the carriage 1 in the opposite direction. Relief or equalization of pressure in the two cylinders 80 releases the clutching action so that shaft 55 can be operated by motor 23 for feeding the carriage Without interference from the traverse shaft I6.

A gear pump 8| is disposed in the lower part of apron I3 which constitutes a sump S2. The pump 8| is driven by a gear 83' on rotating sleeve 51 anditsupplies pressure fluid through suitable valves Yto the severall clutch operating cylinders 63 vand 80, and also to the pump 2 I.

For the purposeof manual setting of the lathe, provision is made for manually inching the carriage separate from both the power feed and power traverse thereof. This is accomplished by aspur gear 84 on clutch member 51 which meshes with a similar gear 85 on a transverse shaft 86 extending through the front of apron I3. The outer end of shaft 85 has a square head 81 thereon for receiving a wrench or other manual operating means. During manual inching of the carriage fluid pressure should be released from cylinder 53 so that the clutch member 51 rides free from member 58.

The motor 23 also effects feeding of the cross slide 9. For this purpose, a helical gear 88 on shaft 52 meshes with a corresponding gear 89 on a clutch member 99 freely rotatable on the transversecross slidel shaft 9|. A clutch member 92 is adapted to move longitudinally on shaft 9| to engage and disengage member 95, and is keyed to the shaft to rotate the latter when the clutch members 90 and 92 are in engagement.

Operation of the clutch 99--92 is effected by a circular piston 93 having a thrust bearing 95 disposed between the rotating member 92 and the piston. The piston 93 operates in a cylinder S5, and admission of fluid pressure from pump 8i tc the cylinder forces the piston in a direction to effectV driving engagement between clutch members 90 and 92.

' The clutch 90-92 is released by means of a spring 96 in the hollow inner end of shaft 9| andwhich extends between a plug 9i in the end of the shaft and a push rod 9S bearing against a transverse pin 99'. Thepin S9 extends through a slot in shaft 9| and into the body of clutch member S2 so that movement of pin 3Q longitudinally of shaft 3| in slot |00 effects a corresponding movement of clutch member 92, and vice versa. The spring 96 opposes the fluid pressure in cylinder 95 and serves to rele-ase the clutch when uid pressure is exhausted from the cylinder.

Reversal of motor 23 by a suitable reversal valve IUI disposed between pump 2| and distributor 41 effects a reversal in movement of slide 9. The feed and back feed of slide 9 may be effected in this manner without regard to the feed of carriage 1 since clutch 55--51 is operable separately from the cross slide clutch Sil-92.

Manual movement of cross slide 9 is provided by means of hand wheel HB2 on the outer end of shaft 9| and which is operable when clutch S30-S2 is disengaged. A dial |33 may be provided at the base of hand wheel |02 to indicate the manual adjustment of the cross slide for set-up purposes.

The shaft 9| is coupled to the feed screw |04 for cross slide 9 by coupling |05 to provide for the use of a taper attachment and eifect a driving of the feed screw by the shaft.

The cross slide 9 may be given a feed movement either independently of or simultaneously with the feed movement of carriage 1. Likewise, the cross slide 9 may be given a semi-traverse movement either independently of or simultaneously with the semi-traverse movement of carriage 1, as desired.

rIhe hydraulic circuits for operating the carriage and slide are shown diagrammatcally in Fig. 20 where gear pump 8| is shown as providing the fluid pressure for operating the several parts. Fluid from pump 8| passes through the pressure regulator |06 and from thence through passage |01 and a super-charger automatic regulator |08 to the intake for pump 2|, to supply the latter with any adjusted volume of fluid at a substantially constant low pressure.

Fluid also passes from a branch of passage |01 to the carriage control valve |09 which is of the plunger type operated by a pivotal lever H0 on the front of apron I3. When lever H0 is in upright position the valve |09 is in neutral closed position and the carriage is at a standstill.

When lever HU and valve |08 are in neutral position fluid pressure flows from the high pressure line |01 leading to valve |09, through a regulator valve I I I to a cylinder I I2 which eifects clamping of one of the ways |2 to thereby hold carriage 1 stationary. A manual clamp bolt H3, operable by a wrench, is also provided for clamping the carriage stationary to the way l2.

Movement of lever I I0 to the left one notch to what is called feed position pushes the plunger of valve |09 inwardly and connects passage |01 through a. longitudinal passage H4 in the valve plunger I I to line Iii leading to a routing valve I1 which passes fluid pressure on to line I I8 leading to clutch cylinder 63 to close clutch 6| and start the feed of the carriage. At the same time a branch H9 of line H3 connects through routing valve |23 to the regulator valve to shift the latter and thereby disconnect clamp cylinler H2 from pressure line |01 and connect cylinder H2 to drain.

Movement of lever H0 a second notch to the left to what is called semi-traverse position pushes the plunger of valve |69 inwardly sufciently to connect passage |01 directly througha check valve I2I to passage |22 leading from pump 2| through valve |0|` and distributor I1 to the motor 23, thereby supplying an additional quantity of fluid to motor 23 to effect semi-traverse of the carriage. When the plunger of the valve |09 is in semi-traverse position fluid pressure is still transmitted from passage II|1 through valve |09, line I I6, and routing valve I I1 to line I I3 to keep clutch 56-51 closed and clamp I I2 released.

Movement of lever H0 to the left one more notch, to the extreme traverse position for the lever, connects passage |01 through valve |09 to a passage |23 leading pressure fluid to the right hand cylinder to thereby shift the traverse clutch 6.6 to forward traverse for the carriage. At the same time fluid pressure is admitted from passage |23 through routing valves |24 and |20 to the piston of regulator valve III to maintain clamp cylinder ||2 connected with sump -82 and uid is vented from passage IIS to open clutch 56-51 Ina normal cycle of operation for the lathe the lever H0 will be moved left to forward traverse for carriage 1 and will be held there by the operator until the tool reaches a point near its initial cutting position, and then either the operator or a trip may effect movement of lever ||0 to forward feed position for the carriage. When the cutting operation is completed, an adjustable stop |25 (Fig. 3) on the carriage engages a stop member |26 on the bed and prevents further forward movement of the carriage. A hydraulic back pressure immediately builds up in line |22 (Fig. 20) between pump 2| and motor 23. The pressure build up in line |22 trips a valve |21 sending pressure fluid to a small piston-operated trip release |28 for lever I I0 and the latter is then automatically returned to neutral by the spring |29 in valve |09. The operator then moves lever I I0 to the right to extreme back traverse position wherein pressure fluid is admitted to the back traverse cylinder 80 for clutch 66 and the pressure is vented incylinder 63 to open clutch 55-51.

The carriage 1 continues to back traverse until a trip cam |30 (Figs. 4, 10 and 14) on the bed forces a back traverse release rod |3| to operate trip |28 and release lever H0 from back traverse position and return it to neutral, as shown in detail in Fig. 14.

The spring |29 is constructed in sections to provie for biasing plunger I I5 to neutral from either s1 e.

If desired, the operator may move lever I I0 to the right selectively to back feed and back semitraverse positions, respectively, and which function similar to the corresponding forward positions. The reversal of the feed and of semi-traverse in this instance is obtained by the application of fluid pressure to the opposite end of the plunger of valve IUI which thereby reverses the connections to motor 23.

When lever H0 is moved to the left to its several forward movement positions for the carriage, valve |09 admits fluid from passage |01 through a passage |32, router valve |33 and passage |34 to one end of the plunger of valve IUI to hold the latter in position for driving motor 23 forwardly. When lever H0 is moved to the right to its several back movement positions for the carriage, valve |09 admits fluid from passage |01 through a passage |35, router valve |36 and passage |31 to the opposite end of the plunger of valve |0| to hold the latter in position for driving the motor 23 in a reverse direction. The opposite end of the plunger in valve |0| from that .the action of motor 23.

9 to which fluid is admitted, is always connected to drain through valve |09.

The cross slide 9 is semi-traversed and fed in and out by means of a valve |38 which serves to operate the cross slide either in conjunction with the operation of carriage 1 or separately therefrom.

The plunger |39 of valve |38 is operated by lever |40 pivoted on the front of apron |3 and which has a central neutral position, and moves inwardly to an inward feed position for the cross slide and then to an inward semi-traverse position for the cross slide, and moves outwardly to an outward feed position and then to an outward semi-traverse position. All positions of valve |38A except neutral, transmit fluid pressure from a branch of line |01 through valve |38, and either passage |4I, or |42, router valve |43 and passage |44 to cylinder 65 to close clutch 90-92 and effect movement of the cross slide from motor 23. Valve |38 is connected to reversing valve to effect operation of the latter and of motor 23 when valve |09 is in neutral position. Valves |09 and |38 are inter-dependent in determining Lever |40 is tripped for automatic return to neutral position by means of the fluid cylinder trip |45 operated by valve |21 simultaneously with the operation of trip |23 for lever 0.

When lever |40 and valve |38 are in central neutral position clutch 90--62 is held open by its springs and cylinder 95 is connected to drain through passage |44 and valve |38.

When lever |40 moves the plunger |39 of valve |38 inwardly one notch to feed position for the cross slide, uid pressure is admitted from line |01 through valve |33 directly to line |42 and cylinder 95 to close clutch 90-92. At theV same time fluid is admitted from line |42 through passage |46, routing valve |36 and line |31 to hold the plunger of valve |0| in back (inward) feed position.

When lever |46 moves the plunger |39 of valve |38 inwardly a second notch to inward semitraverse position for the cross slide, fluid pressure is admitted from line |01 directly to line |41 leading to the center port |48 of valve |09 and from thence to check valve |2| which is operated as previously described to increase the flow of pressure fluid to motor 23. A suitable adjustable stop |49 at each end of the movement `for the cross slide effects a pressure build-up in line |22 operating valve |21 which in turn operates trip |45, returning lever |40 to neutral by means of the double acting spring |50.

When lever |40 is moved outwardly to reverse valve |38, the line |4| is supplied with pressure .fluid which passes through routing valve |33 to line |34 and holds the plunger of valve |0| in forward (outward) feed position. Outward movement of lever |40 to the second notch passes fluid through line |41 and valve |2| to provide lsemi-traverse outward movement for the slide.

`Thevalves |05 and |38 are so interlocked in the circuits that operation of either valve toaI position away from neutral `takes precedence over any attempt to operate the other valve. Any attempt to operate one valve while the other is in operating position will immediately effect operation o the corresponding stop and trip and bring both to a neutral stop position.

The indexing of turret 3 is accomplished either manually or automatically in either direction by a drive from the traverse shaft I6, shown in Figs. 5, 13 and 15. The drive comprises a worm gear ycarriage as previously explained.

5| on sleeve 61 meshing with a corresponding gear |52 carried by a tubular sleeve |53 rotatably mounted to idle on a vertical shaft |54 carried by apron |3. Shaft |54 extends upwardly through a clutch |55 which connects the same to sleeve |53.

Clutch |55 is a single revolution slip clutch which is normally prevented from operation by `a pivotal latch |56 engaging a cam stop |51 on `the clutch member. When latch |56 is pivoted out of engagement with stop |51 the clutch effects turning of shaft |54 with gear |5| and sleeve |53. A spring |58 is employed to normally hold latch |56 inwardly to engage cam stop |51.

lin the construction illustrated the spring |58 is mounted on a trip rod |59 which is pivotally attached to latch |56 and extends toward bed where the free end of rod |59 moves past a trip cam |60 for effecting release of stop |51 by the latch as the carriage moves in back traverse to a position near its, extreme limit of backward movement. After rodv |59 passes trip |60 the .spring |58 functions to pull latch |56 inwardly against a spiral cam |6| leading to stop |51 soV that one revolution of the clutch member carrying cam |6| and stop |51 takes place upon each back traverse of carriage 1. Trip |60 is pivotally mounted to allow free passage of rod |59 thereover when carriage 1 moves forwardly.

The release of latch |56 from stop |51 may be effected manually for the purpose of indexing the turret 3, as desired. This manual operation of the latch may be utilized to effect the skipping of one or more faces of the turret in the indexing operation by holding latch |56 out of engagement with cam |6| and` stop |51 to allow more than one revolution of shaft |54 by clutch-|55.

The manual operation of clutch latch |55 is effected by lever |62 having its free upper end controlled by a push-pull rod |63 extending through the front of apron |3. Inward pushing of rod |63 causes an arm of lever |62 to engage an arm on latch |56 and pivot the latter Vout of contact with stop |51. Release of rod |63 by the operator allows spring |58 to return latch |56 into engagement `with cam |6| and rod |63 to neutral position. A spring pressed detent |64 secures rod |63 in normal neutral position wherein the clutch |55 is operated` automatically by trip rod |59 in response to back traverse of the Outward pulling of rod ,|63 to a second detent position for detent |64 effects raising of the coupling member between clutch |55 and-shaft |54, thereby disconnecting the index drive altogether to allow'for manual setting of the turret 3. The turret indexing, clamping and locking mechanism is generally "similar to that set forth in the joint application of the present inventor and L. E. Godfriaux, Serial Number 758,500, led July 2, 1947, now Patent No. 2,635,326, granted April 21, 19,53, forAutomatic Turret Indexing Mechanism for Lathes, and which is assigned to -the same assigneey as the present invention.

The upper end of shaft"|54 has a beveledge'ar |65 disposed` intermediate a'forwardbeveledgear |66 and a reverse bevel gear r|161 mounted onla vsleeve |63 splined to a cross Vshaft |69` The sleeve |66 is movable in and out by a push-pull rod |10 extending through the front of theapron |3 and which has a hand knob |1| thereon'for manual control to effect driving of shaft |66 alternatively by the forward gear |66 and by the reverse gear |61 from shaft |54. Gears |65, |66

vand |61 have the same'number of teeth so that 

